Quick on the draw
We first
meet Raylan Givens of the US Marshals Service in the 1993 Elmore Leonard novel Pronto.
Pronto
The
novel starts with 66-year-old Harry Arno, who runs a sports book in Miami
Beach, and his troubles with the mob. But very soon Raylan appears to take over
as central character and hero of the book. The beginning and ending are set in
Miami, home of fat Mafioso Jimmy Capotorto and his heavies, the right hand man
Tommy Bucks, known as the Zip, and young muscleman Nicky Testa. They decide
that Harry has been skimming on them and Jimmy puts out a contract on him.
Harry is (just about) ahead of them and skips out (also skipping out on Marshal
Raylan’s protective custody) to Italy where he was in World War II.
The
middle part of the novel is set in Rapallo, down the Mediterranean coast from
Genoa. There, the mobsters catch up with Harry, recruit local thugs and set
about eliminating him. But that’s when Raylan arrives too, on a mission to
bring Harry back to face his bail bond, and it’s a question of who can shoot
quickest and straightest.
For this
is essentially a Western. I have written elsewhere about the crossover between
hard-boiled crime fiction and the Western genres and the qualities they share.
As Robert B Parker, who wrote both, said, quoting Steve McQueen in The Magnificent Seven, “We deal in in
lead, friend.” And Raylan Givens is more than a touch a Western hero. With his
Kentucky roots, cowboy boots, Harry Truman Stetson and silver plated revolver,
and his laconic, tough manner, Raylan Givens steps straight out of a Western
novel.
Luckily,
on page 227 Harry’s squeeze Joyce, who is fast becoming Raylan’s, asks about
his background and Raylan gives a potted history. Very useful for Raylanists to
get a bit of background.
I grew up in coal camps, chewed
tobacco when I was twelve. Went to Evarts High and played football, our
archrival being Harlan Green Dragons. What else you want to know? I’ve worked
deep mines, wildcat mines – abandoned ones where you go back in and scratch for
any coal left – and I’ve stripped... Stripping we’d cut the top off a hill and
dig out the coal, mess up the countryside … My mom put her foot down, wouldn’t
let me work for those people. Let’s see, I walked a picket line for over a year
when we struck Duke Power. Learned about company gun thugs. During that same
time my dad died of black lung and high blood pressure. My mom said, ‘That’s
enough.’ Her brother was shot and killed during the strike. We picked up and
moved to Detroit, Michigan. I went to Wayne State University, graduated, and
joined the Marshals Service. What else do you want to know?
See?
That’s a lot of Raylan info in one paragraph.
The
final showdown between Raylan and Tommy Bucks is pure Western. Raylan has given
Tommy 24 hours to get out of town or he’ll shoot him…
Riding the Rap
We next
meet Raylan Givens in a 1995 novel, Riding
the Rap, which takes the action on from a year after Rapallo. This time
Harry is kidnaped by a Miami lowlife in league with a Puerto Rican killer and a
Bahamian fixer. The kidnapers are incompetent fools but still dangerous for all
that. Harry is lured to his doom by a pretty psychic, the Reverend Dawn
Navarro, and there is a fair bit of mumbo-jumbo as Dawn predicts this and that.
Actually, Raylan is a tiny bit on the psychic side. He ‘knows’ things on a
hunch basis.
Everything
isn’t sweetness and light between Raylan and Joyce now. They’re talking like a
married couple with the seven year itch already. Will Joyce go back to Harry?
She could.
The
Western aspect is played up a bit in this book. There’s a specific reference to
Hang ‘em High on page 277 as Raylan
considers himself in the tradition of US marshals bringing in fugitives for
Judge Parker. He thinks of growing a mustache, “a big one that would droop
properly and go well with his hat.” The showdown gunfight is gently mocked
twice as Raylan stands waiting to draw against the bad guys. Another time the
mocking is less gentle as two of the lowlifes face off in a quick draw that
ends with one of them in the deep end of a scummy swimming pool, and not doing the breast-stroke.
Fire in the Hole
In 2001
Raylan returned in a short story, Fire in
the Hole, first published as an e-book then collected in 2003 in the volume
Fire in the Hole and Other Stories.
It’s quite a long short story, if you see what I mean, so you almost think it’s
another Raylan novel. This time Harry doesn’t appear and Joyce only gets a
passing mention. Time has clearly moved on and Raylan must be 50 by now. He’s
still working for the Marshals Service but up in Kentucky. Miami is a thing of
the past.
The bad
guys, Miami and Italian mobsters in the first story, Florida lowlifes and a
clairvoyant in the second, are now dumbass skinhead nazis in the backwoods with
a collective IQ lower than the shoe size of any one of them. They are led by
Boyd Crowder, a particularly poisonous bit of work, who enjoys blowing up a
‘church’, the Temple of the Cool and Beautiful JC, with a RPG. He also has a
short way with those he suspects might be informers (even if they aren’t) which
involves an AK47.
This is
another very Western story – actually even more so because its lack of urban
setting – and Raylan duly faces down various scumbags with the threat of drawing
on them, just standing there in his boots with fancy wingtips with his Stetson
pulled down just a little over one eye.
Raylan
hits it off with Ava Crowder, the widow of badman Boyd’s brother. There’s a reason she’s
a widow. She shot her husband with a deer rifle while he was eating his dinner and
when you read about the brothers you do rather feel, who can blame her? There’s
a good shoot-out at the end, Raylan/Boyd this time, and I guess you can guess
who wins in the final showdown.
Raylan
We next
meet Raylan in print in the 2012 novel Raylan.
Well, I say novel: really it’s three novellas tacked together with three
separate plots and some of the characters overlapping but some new. The first
hundred pages or so is devoted to a gruesome story of how a horrible transplant
nurse hires two dumb hicks to help her remove kidneys from people and sell them
back to them. This woman is seriously nasty and indeed Leonard does a rather
good line in memorably evil dames. The final scene of this part, when Raylan
himself comes within a whisker of having his own kidneys removed but survives
to participate in a final bloody shoot-out, is especially grisly.
Raylan
must be getting near retirement by now. We know from Pronto (1993) that he was born sometime in the mid-1950s, so he
must be close to 60 now. Still, we don’t want to be too literal about it.
He
admits on page 90 to having shot seven people. Counting his victims in Pronto (which tells of the first person
he shot, an Italian gangster), Riding the
Rap and Fire in the Hole we don’t
get to seven so some shootings have been omitted in the telling.
Suddenly,
on page 106, we are puzzled to find Boyd Crowder appear. Boyd had been shot
plumb in the middle by Raylan in Fire in
the Hole. Yet here he is brought back to life. We are told that Raylan’s
shot missed his vital organs by a millimeter and Boyd recovered. He is now
living with Ava and working for another
poisonous woman, this time the coal company fixer Carol Conlan, about as nasty
a piece of work as you would ever want to meet. You kinda feel like cheering
when she finally comes to the end of her road. The new theme is the
exploitative practices of the coal companies, raping the land and screwing the
people in every way they can. We also meet various marijuana growers and
dealers as well as Mr. Burgoyne, another Harry, millionaire Kentucky racehorse
owner. Weed seems to have replaced coal (and complements moonshine) as the
staple earner in the hills.
On page 172 a new plot begins (presumably
because this is not exactly a novelization of the by now successful Justified TV series but let’s say is
inspired by it and provides grist for the mill of future series) and this one
concerns a family called Nevada, bookmaker father Reno and his stepdaughter,
whom he wanted to call Sierra but who finally got named more prosaically Rachel and
generally called Jackie. Jackie is a poker player, still in college but already
good enough to play the pros. She drops twenty grand at a no-limit game and
proceeds to make it up (and more) with the help of Harry Burgoyne. The
principal lowlife here is Delroy Lewis, whom we had met in Pronto, up from Florida. He takes against Raylan and wants to set
up a quick-draw showdown in a saloon.
For all
through these three linked stories the Wild West is ever-present. There’s an
amusing reference to Leonard’s own Western work on page 59 when the heavy is
named Bob Valdez and he sends a message to Raylan that ‘Valdez is coming’.
There is a character (a middle-aged one) called Billy the Kid in part 2. Raylan
gets a free room over a bar in return for bouncer duties and says that he
“lives over a saloon”. Western references abound.
So
that’s Raylan Givens in print. Read the stories in this order: Pronto, Riding the Rap, Fire in the Hole,
Raylan. You’ll enjoy them all.
Then you
can watch Justified.
Justified
Sony
Pictures’ Justified premiered in
March 2010. It was developed and written by Canadian Graham Yost who had
written the action movies Speed, Broken Arrow and Hard Rain, as well as the TV series Boomtown, an LA police procedural. Four more series followed and a
sixth, the last, is scheduled.
Graham Yost
Justified is very good. Its acting is excellent,
especially Timothy Olyphant in the lead role as Raylan, and the direction (no
fewer than 18 different directors) and writing also noticeably top quality.
Yost and his team have understood very well the Western tone of the character
and books and that crossover I talked about. Ostensibly a contemporary crime
series, it has more than a little Western about it. They both deal in lead,
friend. Elmore Leonard is billed as executive producer.
Right
from the get-go the opening titles and credits are just great, with the theme song Long Hard Times to Come, performed by the NYC-based Gangstagrass
and produced by Rench, featuring rapper T.O.N.E-z, Matt Check on banjo, Gerald
Menke on resonator guitar, and Jason Cade on fiddle. The song was nominated for
a 2010 Emmy Award for Outstanding Original Main Title Theme Music. Along with
the 70s grainy color opening shots it gives a Sopranos-ish/The Wire-style
vibe, but with added moonshine. And the way the F of JUSTIFIED dips on the
final opening title shot is just magic.
Series 1
concentrates on the Crowder clan. Pronto and Riding the Rap seem to have been
discarded; instead of Miami it’s all set in Harlan County, Kentucky, an
impoverished backwoods land of out-of-work former coal miners, weed-growers,
White supremacists and moonshiners. Some episodes from the early books are taken
and transposed to Kentucky, such as the Riding
the Rap story of Miami Harry (now a Kentucky bookmaker Arnold Pinter) being
kidnaped in Series 1/Episode 3, or Raylan facing down the two gun thugs as they
get out of their car and separate, from Pronto,
in 1/4.
Boyd
Raylan
says he has no kids so I don’t know what happened to Ricky and Randy, maybe
they got sent to an orphanage, and he kinda gets back with ex-wife court
reporter Winona (Natalie Zea), having saved her loser realtor husband Gary
(William Ragsdale) from the bad guys. But first he dallies with Ava Crowder
(Joelle Carter). There’s no shortage of goings-on.
Raylan’s
daddy is introduced, especially in 1/5, the less than proper Arlo (Raymond J
Barry) and his long-suffering, gun-totin’ wife Helen (Linda Gehringer), who is later
to come to a sticky end. The triangular relationship between them is in fact
very well handled.
The
acting is excellent. Ray McKinnon from Deadwood
is a first-class though short-lived hitman in 1/7. Nick Searcy as Raylan’s boss
Art Mullen is very convincing (with a framed poster of the movie Tombstone on his wall), and the Crowders
are very good. Walton Goggins is Boyd, David Meunier is Johnny and MC Gainey is
the patriarch. Goggins and Gainey get the excellent mix of hillbilly dumbness
and arch cunning.
Now the
Bennett clan rule the Harlan roost. They are a bunch of backwoods lowlifes
presided over by the seriously horrible Mags Bennett (Margo Martindale, who
reminds me a bit of Rusty Schwimmer’s Big Rump Kate in Broken Trail). Mags, a TV creation but worthy of Leonard, is a hillbilly mafia boss dispensing death,
hooch and weed at her whim. She has a dumb-ox son, Coover (Brad William Henke),
a runty one, Dickie (Jeremy Davies) and a corrupt police chief one, Doyle
(Joseph Lyle Taylor).
Mags
There
are various plot twists and turns. The religion that Boyd got in jail doesn’t
last. Raylan gets back together unofficially with his ex, Winona, and his dad
Arlo gets deeper into crime. Bodies disappear into mineshafts, there are
shotgun murders and everything tells you that Harlan County is most definitely where
you don’t want to be. With the exception of Raylan’s Marshal boss Art, most of
the characters come across as pretty loathsome.
There is
a series of villains as the seasons progress. Blond gay Robert Quarles (Neal
McDonough) is particularly gruesome (and has a kind of derringer) and Wynn Duffy (Jere Burns) too. They are
Detroit mob, or offshoots from it. I thought Mr. Limehouse the butcher an especially
successful creation and the actor first class (Mykelti Williamson). None of
these characters are in any Elmore Leonard book but they are all still very
good on TV.
In series 3, episode 2, Art talks about Bass Reeves and says, “Good luck finding a movie about him!” Who was Bass Reeves? Reeves was born a slave in Arkansas in 1838. He fled to Indian Territory during the Civil War and lived with Cherokee, Seminole and Creek Indians, whose languages he learned. In 1875, Judge Isaac Parker appointed James F Fagan as US marshal and told him to hire 200 deputy marshals. In fiction, among these were Clint Eastwood in Hang ‘em High and John Wayne/Jeff Bridges in the True Grits. In fact, one of the 200 was Bass Reeves, who worked Indian Territory as deputy US marshal for thirty-two years. When he retired in 1907, he claimed to have brought in 3000 felons, among them some of the worst criminals of the time. Once he had to arrest his own son. He was never wounded in all that time, though he had his hat and belt shot off on different occasions. He died of Bright’s disease in 1910. Actually, as if in response to Art’s comment, in 2010 the film Bass Reeves came out, made by Ponderosa Productions of San Antonio. Art says that “Somebody needs to tell Denzel that story” and Morgan Freeman also expressed an interest but in fact Bass was played by James A House.
Raylan’s maverick approach is played up. He seems to be half the time under suspension or inquiry. He gets wonderful support from Art, far more than he deserves, really, though as Raylan is so good at closing cases (quite often permanently), I guess Art sees the value.
In series 3, episode 2, Art talks about Bass Reeves and says, “Good luck finding a movie about him!” Who was Bass Reeves? Reeves was born a slave in Arkansas in 1838. He fled to Indian Territory during the Civil War and lived with Cherokee, Seminole and Creek Indians, whose languages he learned. In 1875, Judge Isaac Parker appointed James F Fagan as US marshal and told him to hire 200 deputy marshals. In fiction, among these were Clint Eastwood in Hang ‘em High and John Wayne/Jeff Bridges in the True Grits. In fact, one of the 200 was Bass Reeves, who worked Indian Territory as deputy US marshal for thirty-two years. When he retired in 1907, he claimed to have brought in 3000 felons, among them some of the worst criminals of the time. Once he had to arrest his own son. He was never wounded in all that time, though he had his hat and belt shot off on different occasions. He died of Bright’s disease in 1910. Actually, as if in response to Art’s comment, in 2010 the film Bass Reeves came out, made by Ponderosa Productions of San Antonio. Art says that “Somebody needs to tell Denzel that story” and Morgan Freeman also expressed an interest but in fact Bass was played by James A House.
Bass Reeves
Raylan’s maverick approach is played up. He seems to be half the time under suspension or inquiry. He gets wonderful support from Art, far more than he deserves, really, though as Raylan is so good at closing cases (quite often permanently), I guess Art sees the value.
Raylan
Raylan uses the Lincoln town car throughout. He even has it repaired between series when he wrecks it. I rather liked the way that, in the books, he used a succession of vehicles the Marshals Service had acquired, usually good ones.
Some of the episode titles are Western, too, such as The Gunfighter (3/1), The Hole in the Wall (4/1) or Outlaw (4/8).
Some of the episode titles are Western, too, such as The Gunfighter (3/1), The Hole in the Wall (4/1) or Outlaw (4/8).
So far I
have only seen series 1 – 4 (I bought the boxed set) but am looking forward to
the last two.
In any
case, through Pronto, Riding the Rap, Fire in the Hole, Raylan and Justified, Raylan Givens is one of the great cowboys.
For my money, the best series on TV right now.
ReplyDeleteJim Cornelius
www.frontierpartisans.com